清代漕运必要性探析

An Analysis on the Necessities of Water Transportation in Qing Dynasty

漕运在清代被称作天庾正供,而接受漕运供给的人员却多属冗员,对漕粮需求不高,漕政本身又已经弊政深重难以补救,治漕和治河之间也矛盾重重。而交通工具航海技术的发展、商业的繁荣、东北地区的开发使得通过商人转卖粮食来供给京师成为可能,因此漕运在清代已经是一项不必要的制度。

Water transport was called ＂specifically for the royal warehouse and supply of food＂in Qing Dynasty. While the water transport mostly supplied the redundant personnel whose grain demand was not high. Water transport system itself was already run-down,and there were contradictions between the canal control and flood control. The development of transport and marine technology,the business prosperity,development of the northeast areas made it possible for the merchants to resell food. Therefore,the water transport became an unnecessary system in Qing Dynasty.