布鲁氏菌病的流行病学特点

Epidemiological Characteristics of Brucellosis

布鲁氏菌病(Brucellosis)是由布鲁氏菌引起人和动物的一种共患性传染病。家畜中,牛、羊、猪最常发生布病,其临床特征是生殖系统受到严重侵害,雌性动物表现为流产和不孕,雄性动物则出现睾丸炎。人也可感染,表现为长期发热、多汗、关节痛、神经痛及肝、脾肿大等症状。布病分布广泛,严重损害人和动物的健康。世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为B类动物疫病。文章对布鲁氏菌病的流行病学、我国布鲁氏菌病流行情况及其发展趋势作以综述。

Brucellosis is a common infectious disease of humans and animals caused by brucella. Brucellosis was most often occurred in cattle, sheep and pigs among domestic animals. The clinical features of brucellosis is that the reproductive system is seriously violated, and the female animal exhibit abortion and infertility, and orchitis occurs in male animals. People can be infected, manifested as fever, sweating, arthralgia, neuralgiaand other symptoms of splenomegaly and liver. The disease is widespread and seriously damages the health of people and animals. The world organization for animal health（OIE） lists it as an B class animal epidemic. In this paper the epidemiology, the epidemic situation of brucellosis and development trend in our country were reviewed.