中国畜禽产品进出口现状与产品竞争优势变化

Present situation and competitive advantage change of animal products import and export in China

运用固定市场份额模型(CMS模型)和贸易竞争指数(NTB)对中国畜禽产品进出口现状及驱动因素进行了分析。结果表明,1992年以来,中国畜禽产品贸易额不断增加,但畜禽产品贸易由顺差转为逆差,并且不断扩大。其竞争优势变化的主要原因是:中国畜禽产品出口过分依赖市场规模的扩张,出口的畜禽产品结构优化程度有限,畜产品出口竞争力薄弱,除肉制品类、活动物和其他动物产品具有竞争力外,其他产品(肉及杂碎、乳蛋类、动物油脂类、皮类、毛类)均不具有竞争力。因此,有必要实时监测国际畜禽产品需求市场动态,优化出口畜禽产品结构,提高畜禽产品出口市场竞争力。

The present situation and its driving factors of animal products import and export in China were analyzed using the fixed market share model( CMS model) and the trade competition index( NTB). Since 1992,China's trade volume of animal products has increased,but the trade of animal products has been transferred from a surplus to a deficit,and has continued to expand. The main reason for the change of its competitive advantage were sumarrized as follows: China's exports of animal products rely on market expansion excessively,and the exported animal products structure is not optimized enough,resulting in the weak competitiveness. In addition to meat products and live animals,other products are incompetitive. It is necessary to monitor the demand for domestic animal products in real time and optimize the market structure of livestock and poultry products so as to improve the competitiveness of domestic animal products.