福州地区社区儿童手足口病流行特征和危险因素研究

Epidemiological Characteristics and Risk Factors of Children with Hand-foot-and-mouth Disease in Community in Fuzhou Area

目的探讨福州地区社区儿童手足口病流行特征和危险因素。方法方便收集2014年4月—2017年3月于福州市第一医院门诊接受诊疗的社区儿童手足口病患儿1 994例,分析其流行特征及相关危险因素。结果 (1)流行病学特征:手足口病发病年龄范围在1~2岁时最高,达25.13%;男性手足口病患儿患病率为59.98%,显著高于女性患儿的40.02%(P<0.05);手足口病患儿在5~7月份发病人数最多。(2)经多元Logistic回归分析,结果表明:散居儿童、饭前便后少/不洗手、近1周共用玩具以及有病例接触史4项因素为影响儿童手足口病发病的主要危险因素。结论通过对本地区社区儿童手足口病监测数据进行分析,调查福州地区社区儿童手足口病的流行病特征以及相关危险因素,为手足口病的防治工作提供科学依据和手段。

Objective This p ap e r tr ie s to in v es tig ate th e ep id em ic ch a ra c te r is t ic s an d risk factors of ch i ld ren with h a n d - foot -and-mouth disease in community in Fuzhou area. Methods Convenient se le c t io n a to ta l of 1 9 94 c h i ld ren with h a n d - foot -and-mouth disease were col lected from the outpat ient cl inic of the First Hospital of Fuzhou from Apr il 2014 to March 2017. The epidemic character ist ics and related risk factors were analyzed. Results ①E pidemio lo gical ch a ra c te r is t ic s the highes t frequency of hand-foot-and-mouth disease was at the age range of one to two years old, up to 25.13%; the preva-lence rate of hand-foot-and-mouth disease for male chi ldren was 59.98%, s ignif icantly higher than that of 40.02% in fe-male chi ldren （P〈0.05）; the most frequency period of hand-foot-and-mouth disease was from May to July.②By multivariate Logistic regres sion analys is , it showed that the scat tered chi ldren, without washing hands before or af ter meals, sharing toys for nearly a week and exposure of the case history, the above four factors were the main r isk factors affecting hand-foot- and-mouth disease in chi ldren. Conclusion Based on th e analysis of th e monitoring d a ta of h a n d - fo o t - a n d -m o u th d ise a se in chi ldren in the community, the epidemiological character ist ics and related risk factors of hand-foot-mouth-disease in community chi ldren in Fuzhou have been inves tigated, which has provided scient ific evidence for the prevention and treat-ment of hand-foot-and-mouth disease.