血液透析相关性低血压的临床研究进展

Recent Advances in Clinical Research of Intradialytic Hypotension

血液透析(HD)是终末期肾脏病患者维持生命、改善生活质量的主要治疗措施,而血液透析相关性低血压(IDH)是HD最常见的并发症之一。IDA发生速度快,常可导致HD中断以及其他如心肌受损、冠心病及动静脉内瘘血栓形成等不良后果,甚至可增加HD患者的全因死亡率。所以,及时发现和防治IDH,对改善患者预后和提高其生活质量具有重要意义。本文回顾了IDH的判断标准、流行病学、病因及发病机制、相关危险因素、防治措施,详细叙述了IDH预防和治疗的新进展,以期提高临床医生对IDH治疗的新认识。

Hemodialysis（HD）is the main treatment for patients with end - stage kidney disease to sustain their life and improve their living quality. And intradialytic hypotension（IDH）is one of the most common complications during HD with fast onset,which often leads to cease of HD and many other adverse complications,such as myocardial dysfunction,coronary heart disease and arteriovenous fistula thrombosis. Moreover,many studies implied that IDH could increase the all - cause mortality of HD patients. Therefore,it＆#39;s important to diagnosis,prevent and treat IDH timely in order to improve their living quality and prognosis. The paper reviews the diagnostic criteria,epidemiology,etiology and pathogenesis,risk factors,and preventive and therapeutic measures of IDH,and describes the new viewpoint of prevention and treatment of IDH in detail,so as to improve clinicians＆#39; new awareness of treatment on IDH.