团体心理治疗改善强制隔离戒毒人员心理健康水平的效果研究

Effect of Group Psychotherapy on Improving the Mental Health of Compulsory Isolation Drug Abstainers

目的探讨团体心理治疗对强制隔离戒毒人员心理健康的作用,为强制隔离戒毒机构有效开展心理矫治工作提供依据。方法 2016年6—12月,将江苏省句东强制隔离戒毒所88名男性戒毒人员,以年龄为因素进行分层随机化分组,分为治疗组和对照组,各44名。治疗组接受自我认知、珍惜生命、承担责任、自信心、意志力、感恩、情商、减压、潜能、人生信念、积极心理、人生目标等12个主题组成的团体心理治疗,分"解冻""变革""重冻"3步骤实施,1次/周,封闭2 d,8 h/d,持续6个月。对照组同期采用常规戒毒方法,主要包括劳动和思想改造。分别于干预前及干预结束后,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评价戒毒人员心理健康水平。结果干预前,88名戒毒人员SCL-90强迫症状、人际敏感评分与全国常模比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病及平均评分高于全国常模(P<0.05)。干预后,治疗组躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病及平均评分与全国常模比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);人际敏感评分低于全国常模(P<0.05)。干预后,治疗组人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖及平均评分低于对照组(P<0.05),且躯体化、强迫症状、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病及平均评分低于干预前(P<0.05)。结论团体心理治疗可改善戒毒人员SCL-90评分,帮助其提高心理健康水平,恢复心理功能。

Objective To explore the effect of group psychotherapy on the mental health of the compulsory isolation drug abstainer,and to provide scientific basis for the effective treatment of psychological intervention. Methods From June to December 2016,88 drug abstainers in Jiangsu Judong Drug Rehabilitation Center were stratified randomized grouping by age into treatment group and control group,44 cases for each group. Within six months,the treatment group received group psychotherapy including 12 themes, such as self-cognition, cherish life, responsibility, confidence, willpower, gratitude, emotion quotient,pressure release, potentiality, life belief, positive psychology and life goal which devided into 3 steps called unfreezing,changing and refreezing. Treatment frequency was 1 time/week,closed 2 d/time,8 h/day. Meanwhile,the control group was treated with routine detoxification method including labor and ideological remoulding. The psychological health level of drug abstainer was evaluated by Symptom Checklist 90（ SCL-90） before and after intervention. Results Before intervention,obsessive symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity scores of 88 drug abstainers showed no significant difference with national norm（ P 0. 05）,while the somatization,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror,paranoia,psychosis and average scores were higher than national norm（ P 0. 05）. After intervention,somatization,obsessive symptoms,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror,paranoia,psychosis and average scores of treatment group showed no significant difference with national norm（ P 0. 05）,and the interpersonal sensitivity score of treatment group were lower than the national norm（ P 0. 05）. Interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror and average scores in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group（ P 0. 05） after intervention,and somatization,obsessive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoia,psychosis,average scores were lower than those before intervention（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion Group psychotherapy can improve the SCL-90 score of drug abstainers,and help them improve their mental health and recover their psychological function.