矿业安全与健康法应突出人权保护

Human Rights Oriented Mine Safety and Health Act

矿业安全与健康法应以保护劳动者人权为根本目的。矿业安全法的调整对象是矿业开发的劳动场所安全,其调整范围包括勘探、开采以及选矿等矿产开发行业。应区别经济性的生产安全与社会性的劳动安全,即安全为了生产与安全为了职业的区别。立法集中保障场所劳动安全而不是生产安全,并拒绝夹带生产安全目的。以保障人权为根本目的的劳动安全,必须与劳动健康结合而整体立法;供给场所安全与健康的准公共物品,市场失灵而依靠政府管制;构建风险预警防控机制,事前控制安全风险的形成;实行严格责任制度,内化成本确保矿山企业提供安全与健康条件的激励性。

Mine Safety and Health Act should take labor human right as its priority.The revision is targeted at the safety in mining exploitation workplaces of mining industries such as mineral prospection,exploitation and beneficiation.This type of safety should be different from production safety and work safety in economic and social activities.Without any production safety purpose,the Act focuses on the workplace rather than production safety.The legislation of human right oriented labor safety has to be associated with workers health.Quasi-public goods supplied for workplace safety and health can depend on government regulation in case of market failure.Risk warning and controlling mechanism needs to be constructed to prevent the safety risk beforehand.Strict liability system needs to be carried out to internalize the cost and motivate mine enterprises to build safe and healthy working environment.