毛棉杜鹃的组织培养与快速繁殖

Tissue culture and rapid propagation of Rhododendron moulmainense

以毛棉杜鹃种子为外植体,采用丛生芽发生,建立毛棉杜鹃组织培养与快速繁殖体系。结果表明,毛棉杜鹃种子在0.6%琼脂和2.5%蔗糖的基本培养基中,发芽率最高,为64.6%。WPM培养基作为继代培养基,植株状态最好,培养60 d,平均伸长长度达0.92 cm。最佳增殖培养基为Read+0.02 mg·L^(-1) IBA+1.0 mg·L^(-1) ZT,培养60 d,增殖倍数达4.50。最佳生根培养基为1/2WPM+1.0 mg·L^(-1) IBA+0.02 mg·L^(-1) ZT,生根率高达83.33%。添加0.1%活性炭对苗高、生根率、生根数和根长均有较好的促进作用。组培苗移栽至泥炭土:珍珠岩(3:1)的培养穴盘中,30 d后,成活率超过90%。

The tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Rhododendron moulmainense was established by using the seeds as explants and by means of cluster buds cultivation. The results showed that in the basic medium of 0.6% agar and 2.5% sucrose, the germination rate（64.6%） was the highest. The best medium for subculture was WPM medium, in which the seedlings growth status were best and the average elongation reached 0.92 cm after 60 d. The best medium for multiplication was Read＋0.02 mg·L-1 IBA＋1.0 mg·L-1 ZT, and the propagation coefficient was 4.50 after 60 d. The best rooting medium was 1/2 WPM＋1.0 mg·L-1 IBA＋0.02 mg·L-1 ZT, the rooting rate reached 83.33%. The supplement of 0.1% activated carbon could obviously promote the seedling height, rooting rate, rooting number and rooting length. Then these cultured seedlings were transplanted into the culture tray with peat soil：perlite（3：1）, the survival rate was over 90% after 30 d.