马克思的意识形态概念内涵的语境分析

Contextual Analysis of Marx's Idea of Ideology

马克思的"意识形态"概念在历史语境的发生学上具有批判性和否定性内涵,在理论语境的生成学上指认唯心主义为虚假意识,在阶级语境的谱系学上指向阶级意识,在现实语境的社会结构学上意指思想上层建筑。这四层内涵清晰地勾画出马克思的意识形态概念图,描绘了意识形态概念内涵所经历的由否定性到中性再到肯定性发展的逻辑历程。意识形态作为一个建构性概念,阶级意识和思想上层建筑是其基本的内涵。

Marx’s idea of ideology has four connotations:critical and negative content in its historical emergence,the reference to idealism as a false consciousness in its theoretical formulation,class consciousness in its genealogical configuration,and ideological superstructure within the reality of social structure.These four connotations present a clear outline of Marx’s idea of ideology,and delineate its logical development from a negative to a neutral and finally a positive concept.As a constructive concept,it has as its basic contents the class consciousness and ideological superstructure.