“太虚”本体视域下张载天人贯通论新探

The New Exploration of the Zhang Zai's Thought Communicated Two Domains:Heaven and Human Beings in the Ontology of “Taixu”

张载认为,太虚是气和万物的本体,也即"太虚无形,气之本体"。张载提出"太虚即气"理论,认为太虚和气是两个层级的概念。"太虚即气"不能理解为太虚就是气,而要理解为太虚包含气。张载提出天人贯通有两个途径:太虚→气→万物(人);太虚→心(性)→人。张载不仅从客观方面,即物性方面实现了天与人的贯通,更从道德价值层面,也即人的精神层面,实现了天与人的贯通。由此,天与人真正实现了合一。

Zhang Zai believed that Taixu was the ontology ot Qi and everymmg,mat s to say, 1gible, and it was the noumenon of Qi. Zhang Zai believed that Taixu and Qi were two different concepts at differentlevels. Taixu contained qi. He put forward that there were two ways to connect heaven with human beings： fromTaixu to Qi and then to all things;from Taixu to heart and man. Therefore,it would not only realizes the connectionbetween heaven and man from the objective aspect, namely the material level, but also realizes the connection be-tween heaven and man from the moral value level, that is to say, the spiritual level of man. Thus, heaven and manwould realize the unity of the two.