农村集体资产产权制度改革——以云南大理市8个试点村为例

Reform of Property Right System of Rural Collective Assets——A Case Study of 8 Trial Villages in Dali of Yunnan Province

运用访谈的方法,通过对云南省大理市8个农村集体资产股份权能改革试点村进行实地调查研究,重点回答了集体资产产权制度改革"如何改"以及"改革后如何实现集体经济的可持续发展"问题。研究发现,大理市实施各项改革任务中坚持原则性与灵活性相结合,具体改革经验为:坚持不打破原组织界限的原则,在组、自然村、村三级各自建立股份经济合作社;清产核资采用原值评估方法;成员资格界定坚持承认历史,照顾现实的原则;股权设置特别是贡献股的设置因村制宜,并非整齐划一;股权管理模式选择不一,静态管理更有利于赋予完整的产权权能;在集体经济组织的管理体制上,条件成熟的地方优先探索政社分离。改革后,新型集体经济组织根据不同的资产类型采用不同的经营方法发展集体经济。集体经济收益有所提高,但若没有发展产业,集体经济增长的空间不大,还需进一步探索集体经济可持续发展的路子。

Interview method was used to carry out investigation and study on 8 trial villages of the reform of stock right of rural collective assets in Dali,focusing on answering two issues,which are＂how to reform＂and＂after the reform,how to make the collective economy sustainably develop＂.The result shows that：Dali adheres to combining principle with flexibility when implementing various tasks.Specific experiences of the reform are as follows：adhering to the principle that dose not break the original organizational boundaries,establishing the shares of economic cooperatives in every group,natural village and administrative village;using original value assessment for capital verification;adhering to history and reality for members definition;setting equity,especially the contribution shares that may not be uniform,according to each village standard;the choices of equity management are selected differently,the static mode is more benefit to give complete property rights;As for the collective economic organization management system,in the places where the conditions are ripe,priority is given to exploring the separation of political affairs and economy.After the reform,the new collective organizations develop collective economy through operating different types of collective assets and using different methods.Thus the collective economic income has improved.Meanwhile,if industry is not developed,the collective economy will be restricted in a limited space and it needs to explore new paths of sustainable development of collective economy.