大学生实习工资决定机制及其影响因素研究——基于Tobit模型的实证检验

On the Determining Mechanism and Influence Factors of the College Internship Wage——An Empirical Test with Tobit Model

大学生实习工资水平是一个重要但长期被忽略的问题。基于广东金融学院部分毕业生的调查数据,运用多元回归模型分析大学生实习工资影响因素,并利用Tobit模型和Heckman两步法处理"角点解"和样本选择性偏差问题。研究发现:男生实习工资高于女生;学习成绩、社团活动经历等人力资本变量以及实习工作内容等工作特征对实习工资没有显著影响,但实习单位性质、薪酬制度的完善程度以及实习目的对大学生实习工资水平有显著影响。因此,合理定价学生实习活动,真正发挥实习在人才培养中的作用,需要政府、高校、学生以及实习单位的共同努力。其中,以法律形式准确定位实习性质与价值、引导大学生端正实习目的、规范企业的实习工资薪酬补贴制度是重点。

The internship wage is an important but long-neglected issue. Based on the questionnaire survey data of some college students in Guangdong University of Finance, the determining mechanism and the influence factors of college internship wage were analyzed by using multiple linear regression model, Tobit model and the sample selection bias with Heckman two-step method. The study shows that the boys gain more wages than the girls. The human capital variables and job characters variable, such as grades, society activities, type of the job etc. don＇ t have significant influence on the level of the internship wage. But the ownership of the company, the perfect degree of the salary system and the purpose of the internship do have impact on the internship wage. Therefore, joint efforts of the government and universities, students and the internship company are highly needed to reasonable price the college＇ s internship and to fully play the function of the internship in the talents training. Most importantly, the key is to position the nature and value of the internship by law, and to guide the purpose of the students, and to standardize the management of the internship.