2011～2016年靖江市水痘流行病学特征及趋势分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and trend of varicella,Jingjiang city,2011-2016

目的分析靖江市水痘流行病学特征、发病趋势,探讨防控措施。方法通过《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》收集、分析靖江市2011~2016年不同人群特征的水痘分布情况,以及高发季节、高发地区,统计每年水痘疫苗使用量率,分析其与水痘发病率可能存在的关联。结果靖江市2011~2016年报告水痘1 184例,平均年发病率28.88/10万,靖城街道办为高发乡镇。高发年龄段主要集中在5~14岁,各年龄段发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),幼托儿童发病率最高(228.69/10万),其次为学生和散居儿童,男女水痘发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。全年均有发病,冬春季为高发季节。2013年水痘疫苗使用率最高(625.88/10万),2016年最低(40.20/10万);2016年水痘发病率最高(62.86/10万),2011年最低(4.72/10万);水痘疫苗使用率与发病率之间呈显著负相关关系(r=-0.53)。结论靖江市2011~2016年水痘发病率呈逐年上升趋势,而水痘疫苗接种情况与水痘发病率呈显著负相关。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of varicella in Jingjiang city and explore the prevention and control measures. Methods Data were collected on varicella from China information system for disea- ses control and prevention and analysis was made on the distribution of different population groups in Jingjiang city, 2011- 2016. Peak seasons and areas were also analyzed and the annual use rate of varicella vaccine was counted up to explore the possible association between it and the incidence rate of varicella. Results A total of 1 184 varicella cases were reported in Jingjiang city,2011-2016 and the annual average incidence rate was 28.88/105 ,Jingcheng subdistriet was the high-prev- alence area. Populations aged 5-14 years old were the highest group and the incidence rates between different age groups were significantly cliff rent（ P 〈 0.01 ）, the childcare children group was the highest （228.69/105 ）, followed by students and scattered children, without significant difference in the incidence rate between genders（ P 〉0.05）. Cases happened all the year round and winter and spring seasons were the peaks. The use rate of varicella vaccine in 2013 was the highest （625.88/105） and 2016 was the lowest （40.20/10s） ;The incidence rate of varicella in 2016 was the highest （62.86/105） and 2011 was the lowest （4.72/105） ;A significant negative correlation can be seen between the use rate of varicella vac- cine and the incidence rate of varieella （ r = -0. 53）. Conclusion There is a rising trend in the incidence rate of varicel- la year by year in Jingjiang city,2011-2016 and the correlation between the use rate of varicella vaccine and the incidence rate of varicella is significantly negatively correlated.