内蒙古蒙古绵羊肉矿物质元素谱特征

Mineral Profile of Mongolian Sheep Meat from Different Inner Mongolian Regions

从内蒙古10个旗县采集蒙古绵羊肉77份,从鄂温克旗采集牛肉6份、马肉5份,对其中的22种常量和微量矿物质元素进行测定,同时进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和描述性统计分析。结果表明:蒙古绵羊肉样品的微量元素谱有显著的地区和物种差异,地处呼伦贝尔草原及其延伸的鄂温克旗和西乌旗蒙古绵羊肉与其他旗县有显著差别,Cd、Sb、Se和Cs元素对其地区分离的贡献较大;科尔沁草原附近的克什克腾旗蒙古绵羊肉的微量元素谱独特,Rb含量较高;鄂温克旗蒙古绵羊肉、牛肉和马肉的矿物质元素谱有明显的物种差异;常量矿物质元素的跨大区域差异不显著;矿物质元素含量与蒙古绵羊肉的瘦肉比例呈显著正相关,与脂肪含量呈负相关,羊肥尾的矿物质元素含量均最低,但Ca、Na、Mn含量相对较高;蒙古绵羊肉中人体必需微量元素Se的含量整体普遍较低,且东部地区显著低于中部和西部。

A total of 77 Mongolian sheep meat samples collected from ten banners or counties in Inner Mongolia, and 6 beef samples and 5 horse meat samples collected exclusively from Ewenki banner were determined for the contents of 22 macro and micro mineral elements. The analytical data were subjected to principal component analysis and descriptive statistics. Significant regional and species differences in the micro-element profile of Mongolian sheep meat existed. Sheep meat samples from Ewenki and West Ujumqin banners, located in Hulunbuir grassland, were significantly separated from those from other regions particularly in terms of Cd, Sb, Se and Cs. Mutton samples from Hexigten Banner, located near Khorchin grassland, showed a distinctive micro-element profile, rich in Rb. A significant species difference in mineral profile was observed among mutton, beef and horse meat from Ewenki banner. Macro minerals did not show significant regional differences; minerals had a significant positive correlation with lean meat proportion but had a negative correlation with fat content in Mongolian sheep meat. Mineral contents in sheep tail fat were the lowest, and Ca, Na and Mn were the most abundant minerals. The average Se level of Mongolian sheep meat was low, and Se levels of meat samples from the east of Inner Mongolia were significantly lower as compared to those from the middle and west.