不同絮凝剂对铁尾矿的絮凝效果试验研究

Experimental Study on Effect of Different Flocculations to Iron Tailings

絮凝可以使尾矿浆浓缩,减少排入尾矿库的水量,利于尾矿库稳定.为探究不同絮凝剂对铁尾矿的絮凝效果,以阜新阿哈来铁尾矿和同乃铁尾矿为对象开展试验研究.测定两种铁尾矿的基本性质,分别检测阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺、非离子型聚丙烯酰胺、羧甲基纤维素钠和消石灰对两种铁尾矿的絮凝效果.结果表明:同乃铁尾矿颗粒较阿哈来铁尾矿细得多,两者均为粉土质砂,级配均不良,比重均比一般砂粒土大.两种铁尾矿浆均接近中性,浓度均为10%左右.阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺较其它絮凝剂产生澄清层快,是阿哈来铁尾矿和同乃铁尾矿在给定尾矿浆浓度条件下的最佳絮凝剂,最佳用量分别为14g/t和22g/t.两种铁尾矿在阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺最佳用量条件下,pH=7时的絮凝效果最佳,弱碱性条件稍次之,酸性条件最差;铁尾矿的沉降速度随温度升高稍有加快,在15~20℃左右达最大值,温度变化对两种铁尾矿的絮凝效果影响均不大.

Flocculation makes the tailing pulp concentrated, reduces the water quantity discharged into tailing ponds, beneficial to the stability of tailing ponds. To research different flocculation effects with different flocculants, regarded Fuxin Tongnai and A halai iron tailings as research objects. Determined railings＇ basic properties and flocculation effects of anionic polyacrylamide, nonionic polyacarylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydrated lime to iron tailings respectively. Results show that： the particle of Tongnai iron tailings is finer than the particle of A halai iron tailings, both of them are silt soil, their grades are bad and proportions are larger than the normal sand soil ; the tailing pulp of both railings are close to neutral, their concentration are both about 10%. The clarification layers of anionic polyacrylamide formed faster than other flocculants,so it is the best flocculant for A halai and Tongnai iron tailings when the pulp density is given, their optimum dosages are 14g/t and 22g/t respectively. The flocculation effect is the best when pH = 7,worth in the weak alkaline condition, and the worst in acid condition in the anionic polyacrylamide＇s optimum dosage condition for A halai and Tongnai iron tailings; the settling velocity of iron tailings grows slightly when the temperature increases and reaches the largest at 15 ~ 20℃ ; the temperature change has small infuence to the flocculation effect of two iron tailings.