某医院2012年-2016年老年住院患者疾病谱变化分析

The Disease Spectrum Mutation Analysis of Elderly Inpatients in a hospital from 2012 to 2016

目的探讨宝鸡市某三甲医院2012年-2016年老年住院患者疾病构成和死亡原因,以便为地区性老年疾病防治工作提供依据。方法对某院2012年-2016年5年间老年住院患者的性别、年龄及其疾病构成进行回顾性分析。结果老年住院患者男女比1.39:1,60岁~79岁年龄组病人最多。老年住院患者前10位系统疾病构成稳定,且各年度前10位疾病患者数占老年患者总数的比例皆在90%以上。循环系统疾病和肿瘤一直位居疾病顺位的第1和第2位,构成比分别在25%和13%左右。呼吸系统疾病构成比逐年增长(χ~2=135.523,P<0.05),由第5位上升到第3位,构成比逐年增长的还有眼和附器疾病(χ~2=55.653,P<0.05)由第8位上升到第6位。循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、不仅是老年患者多发疾病,也是引起死亡的主要疾病。结论医院应把威胁老年人健康的主要疾病作为工作的重点,同时要配合社区卫生部门抓好老年慢性疾病的筛查和管理。

Objective To explore the disease composition and death causes of elderly hospitalized patients in a third-level grade-A hospital in Baoji City from 2012 to 2016, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of regional elderly diseases. Methods The data regarding gender, age and disease composition were analyzed of theelderly patients who had been treated between 2012 to 2016 at a third-level grade-A hospital. Results Elderly hospitalized patients with men and women than 1.39： 1, 60-79 age group of patients with the most. Elderly hospitalized patients with the top ten system diseases was stable, and the number of patients in the top ten diseases each year accounted for the proportion of the total number of elderly patients were more than 90%. The constituent ratio of circulatory system diseases and tumors had been always ranked the first and the second, accounting for 25% and 13% respectively. Patients with respiratory disease were growing year by year（χ^2=135.523, P〈0.05）, from the ranked fifth rose to ranked third.Besides that, patients with eye and appendage disease grew year by year（χ^2=55.653, P〈0.05）, ranking from 8 th to 6 th place. Circulatory system diseases, tumors, respiratory diseases,digestive diseases were not only the multiple disease of elderly patients, but also the main disease which lead to the death of patients. Conclusion Hospitals should focus on the main diseases that threaten the health of the elderly, and according to various diseases dynamic changes to carry out the corresponding diagnosis and treatment work.