路口设施中继辅助车载自组织网络感染路由算法

Intersection-relay-assisted epidemic routing in VANETs

随着智能交通系统和智慧城市的发展,路旁设施的部署将越来越普遍,城市环境下的车载自组织网络路由算法可以利用路旁设施中继辅助以提高算法的性能。为了解决感染路由算法在高负载场景下由于产生过多的消息副本而引起的路由性能剧烈下降问题,设计了路口设施辅助车载自组织网络感染路由算法IRAER。算法根据道路特点,将车辆的邻居节点划分为不同的区域,且在每个区域中仅选择一个候感节点进行感染,以降低消息副本数量,提高路由性能。另外,建立了随机模型与感染路由算法产生的副本数量进行了对比分析。理论分析和仿真实验结果均表明,所提出路由算法大大降低了在高节点密度场景下的副本数量和投递时延,提高了投递成功率。

With the development of intelligent transport system and smart city, road side units will be commonly deployed, which can be used to assist routing of vehicular Ad hoc networks in urban environment. In order to overcome the severe routing perfor- mance degradation of epidemic routing induced by excessively generated copies in scenarios of heavy packet traffic loads, an Inter- section-Relay-Assisted Epidemic Routing（IRAER） scheme is proposed. Based on the features of roads, neighbors of a node are di- vided into deficient zones, and only one is selected as the candidate node in each zone, which will obviously decrease the number of copies and improve the routing performance. Furthermore, a stochastic model is built for analyzing the generated copies between IRAER and Epidemic. The analytical and the simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms Epidemic for lower number of copies and delivery delay, while achieving higher level of delivery ratio especially at the highly populated scenarios.