氮肥运筹对寒地水稻生长及产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Management on Rice Growth and Yield in Cold Region

氮肥运筹管理是水稻生长调控的重要因素之一,试验以龙粳31为试验材料,在总施氮量不变的情况下,通过设置4种生育前后期不同比例的氮肥用量,对比研究不同氮肥运筹比例对水稻生长、产量的影响。结果表明:适当的前氮后移施肥方式(N1处理∶基蘖肥∶调节穗肥=6∶4),能减少无效分蘖提高分蘖率、增加水稻叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、促进干物质的积累,从而提高水稻的产量。同时N1处理有效穗数、穗粒数、结实率和千粒重均较高,所以产量高达10.66 t/hm2,比N4处理高出11.35%,差异达显著水平,促进水稻产量潜力的发挥。

Nitrogen fertilizer management is one of the important factors in the rice cultural regulation. Using therice cultivar ＇Longjing 31＇ as experimental material, four different N applicant proportions at the early and lategrowth stages were carried out to understand the effects of N fertilizer management on rice yield. The results indicat-ed that appropriate N application rates at late growth stage, for example, N1 treatment（6：4）, could reduce ineffectivetillers, increase rice spike rate, increase leaf area index and chlorophyll content, promote biomass accumulation,which led to the high yield of rice. The effective ear number, grain number per spike, maturing rate and 1000-ker-nel weight of N1 were higher. Yield of N1 was 10.66 t/hm-2, which was 11.35% more than that of N4 treatment. It wasconcluded that a optimized method of N fertilizer management could play an important role in the yield.