凤县花椒园土壤养分特征研究

Soils Nutrients of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Orchards in Feng County

采取典型样地采样和实验室经典测试方法,对凤县花椒园0~20、20~40cm层土壤有机质及速效氮、磷、钾含量进行了分析研究,结果表明凤县花椒园0~40cm土层有机质、速效氮、磷、钾平均含量分别为12.88g·kg^(-1)、11.12mg·kg^(-1)、7.23mg·kg^(-1)和142.92mg·kg^(-1);有机质及速效氮磷钾含量差异较为明显,整体变异系数偏高,尤其是速效磷,0~20cm土层变异系数高达119.49%。有机质及速效磷含量均属于中等偏低水平,速效氮处于缺乏等级,速效钾含量较高,生产中应提倡增施有机肥和氮磷复合肥,结合花椒生长期针对性地补充钾肥,以提高花椒产量和品质。

The study has been carried out to investigate the soil nutrient content and the correlation among elements.The results showed that the content of organic matter and available N,P and K in the soil of the 22 orchards are significantly different.The overall coefficient of variation is high,especially the available P,and the coefficient of variation in 0-20 cm soil layer is 119.49%.The soil organic matter,available N,P and K average content in 0-40 cm soil layer were,respectively 12.88 g·kg^（-1）,11.12 mg·kg^（-1）,7.23 mg·kg^（-1） and 142.92 mg·kg^（-1）.All Zanthoxylum bungeanum orchards are in lack of available N,high in soil available K,with rich level of those orchards accounting for 95.45%,and moderate level in organic matter and available P.In practice,it is recommended to apply organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer of Nitrogen and Phosphorous,and to supplement Potassium fertilizer tailored to specific stages of growth.