胰腺导管腺癌中胰腺星形细胞的研究进展

Research progress of pancreatic stellate cell in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

胰腺星形细胞(pancreatic stellate cells,PSC)是胰腺导管腺癌(pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,PDAC)肿瘤微环境中最重要的成分,在PDAC发生发展中具有非常关键的作用。目前大量研究关注于PSC与胰腺癌细胞(pancreatic cancer cells,PCC)之间的相互作用及PSC在PDAC微环境中发挥的作用。PSC在许多情况下发生活化,如乙醇、氧化应激和高血糖等。PDAC早期即可出现PSC的活化,PCC可以诱导刺激PSC发生活化,活化的PSC可以产生大量胶原纤维,形成适宜PCC生长的间质微环境,促进PCC的增殖,减少化疗药物对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用。另外,PSC还可以与间质中各种细胞成分如内皮细胞和各种免疫细胞相互作用,在血管生成、免疫逃逸和神经侵犯等方面协助肿瘤进展。因此,阐明PSC与肿瘤细胞以及其他间质成分之间复杂的相互作用至关重要。

Pancreatic stellate cells（PSC） is the most vital element in the stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma（PDAC）, which plays an irreplaceable role in the development of pancreatic carcinoma. Recent researches concentrate on the interaction between PSC and pancreatic cancer cells（PCC） and the function of PSC in PDAC microenvironment. PSC could be stimulated to activate in some conditions, such as alcohol, oxidative stress and hyperglycemia, etc. PSC activation could be occurred at the early stage of PDAC and would generate collagen to form tumor associated microenvironment, which would accelerate the proliferation of tumor cells and defended the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Besides, PSC can also interact with other stroma compositions such as endothelial cells and immune cells to form the tumor stroma（e.g., angiogenesis, immune escape and neural invasion）, which assists the invasion of cancer cells. Above all, it is pivotal to clarify the interplay between PSC and PDAC as well as stroma ingredients.