贸易成本、比较优势与出口结构——基于30个国家行业面板数据的经验研究

Trade Costs,Comparative Advantage and Export Composition

研究目标:总体贸易成本对一国出口贸易结构的影响。研究方法:测算30个样本国与其所有贸易伙伴国的双边贸易成本和各国的总体贸易成本,并利用行业层面数据构建计量模型,将贸易成本与劳动力和资本等要素禀赋一起,经验地研究总体贸易成本对一国出口结构的影响。研究发现:总体贸易成本可以和资本与劳动力等要素禀赋一样,成为比较优势的来源,影响一国对外出口行业的选择;一国即便不具有资本禀赋的优势,但只要不断降低总体贸易成本,完全可能选择生产并出口高贸易成本密集度和资本密集型行业的商品。研究创新:从比较优势的角度经验研究了总体贸易成本对出口结构的影响。研究价值:为产业结构升级提供了新思路。

Research Objectives： Exploring the impact of national trade costs on export composi- tion. Research Methods： Measuring trade costs to a large sample of 30 countries, exploring empirically whether countries＇ trade costs act like other traditional endowments by affecting the composition of exports. Research Findings： National trade costs are important determi- nants of export composition and can be viewed as a source of comparative advantage. Low trade costs countries have a comparative advantage in exporting goods which are in the indus tries with higher industrial trade cost intensity. Research Innovations： Concerning the impact of trade costs on export from the angle of comparative advantage. Research Value： Pro viding new way for upgrading and optimization of industrial structure.