“零缺陷”的逆向风险与控制

The Reverse Risk and Control of ＂Zero Defect＂

“零缺陷”旨在控制风险，提升质量管理水平，被众多领域的科研生产活动广泛采纳，并发挥了重要作用。航天作为高风险的领域，对其尤为推崇。但随着实践的深入，“零缺陷”在航天领域中也有走向固化和泛化的趋势。这反过来催生了潜在的逆向风险，主要体现为对创新、效率、改革发展、人才成长等的抑制。对此应加以有效控制，首先应廓清“零缺陷”的属性，避免运用的误区，其次要结合实践经验，给出“零缺陷”对科研生产实践具体方面的约束性要求，同时还可以采取专业化的办法，推动专业机构、专业队伍、专业理念建设，形成不同业务在组织体系、队伍体系、文化体系上的平衡。

＂Zero defect＂ is designed to control the risk and improve the quality management level. It has been widely adopted by many scientific research and production activities in many fields and has played an important role. Aerospace as a high-risk areas, especially respected. But with the deepening of practice, ＂zero defect＂ in the field of space also has a trend towards curing and generalization. This in turn leads to a potential negative risk, mainly embodied in the innovation, efficiency, reform and development, talent growth and so on. This should be combined with practical experience, given the ＂zero defect＂ on the specific aspects of scientific research and production practice of the binding requirements, but also can take the professionalism of the ＂zero defect＂ to avoid the use of errors, The way to promote professional institutions, professional team, professional concept of building, the formation of different business in the organizational system, team system, cultural system on the balance.