肚倍在各生长期的主要成分含量变化分析

Analysis of the major components of bellied gallnut during different growth period

肚倍是一种商品化的五倍子,富含鞣质、没食子酸等重要成分,具有重要的药用价值及工业用途。研究不同生长发育时期五倍子主要成分的含量变化,探索变化规律对肚倍更深入的研究具有长远意义。本文以湖北省竹山县溢水镇东川苗圃、文峰乡肖家垭、德胜镇王家湾生产的肚倍为样品,每隔10天采摘一次,称重并测定其主要成分的含量,直至虫瘿成熟爆裂。经测定,3个产地的肚倍含有丰富的鞣质(约70.0%)、游离没食子酸(约5.0%)、1,2,3,4,6-五-O-没食子酰-β-葡萄糖(β-PGG,约6.0%)、可溶性总糖(约8.2%)、氨基酸(约7.5%)等,在不同的生长期,这些主要成分的含量无大的差异,而且主要的几种重金属元素铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、钡(Ba)、铅(Pb)和砷(As)在生长过程中也不会累积,不影响采摘时间。综合考虑肚倍的生长情况和经济价值,肚倍适宜在其个头最大,即体积基本不再增长且未爆裂、无霉烂时采摘。

Bellied gallnut is a kind of commercial Chinese gallnut.It is rich in tannin,gallic acid and other important ingredients,and has important medicinal value and industrial use.It is of great significance to study the changes of the main components of bellied gallnut in different growth and development periods.Bellied gallnuts were picked from Dongchuan nursery of Yishui,Xiaojiaya of Wenfeng,Wangjiawan of Desheng,Zhushan County,Hubei Province.The bellied gallnuts were weighed and then tested content of the main ingredients once every 10 days until the mature insect galls burst.The bellied gallnuts in different places were rich in total tannin（about 70.0%）,free gallic acid（about 5.0%）,1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-glucopyranose（β-PGG,about 6.0%）,total soluble sugar（about 8.2%）,amino acid（about 7.5%）,etc.In different growth periods,there was no significant difference in the content of these main ingredients.Several kinds of heavy metal elements iron（Fe）,zinc（Zn）,copper（Cu）,barium（Ba）,lead（Pb）and arsenic（As）did not accumulate in the growth process and did not affect the harvest time.Taking into account the growth and economic value of bellied gallnut,it is the most appropriate time for picking the bellied gallnuts when they are the largest,not bursted and not rotted.