由身至心:中国老年人的失能状态与幸福感

From Body to Mind: Chinese Elderly People's Disability Status and Happiness

失能是老年人生命历程中的重大负性事件,以往研究对于失能是否以及如何影响老年人的幸福感鲜有探讨。基于2014年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,使用广义有序Logistic回归模型验证了失能状态对老年人幸福感的影响,并引入经济贫困、社会贫困和心理贫困三个中介变量,形成多元中介模型,通过对该模型的检验阐述了失能状态对老年人幸福感的作用机制。研究发现,失能是晚年幸福的核心掣肘,相比未失能者,失能老年人的幸福感明显偏低。失能不仅直接降低了老年人的幸福感,还通过经济贫困、社会贫困和心理贫困的中介路径间接影响其幸福感。而且,相比经济贫困和社会贫困,心理贫困在失能对老年人幸福感影响过程中的中介作用更大。

Disability is a significant negative events in the life of elderly people, while the previous study has rarely discussed the association between disability status and happiness of the elderly people. Based on the data of CLASS2014, this study uses generalized logistic regression model to test the effect of disability on happiness, and in order to expound the influence mecha- nism, three important mediation, economic poverty, social poverty and psychological poverty, have been introduced to form the multiple mediation model. It was found that disability is the core constraints of happiness in the elderly people, compared to non - disability persons, disability of the elderly has lower happiness. Disability not only directly reduces the happiness of the elderly, but also through economic poverty, social poverty and psychological poverty indirectly affect their happiness. Moreover, compared to economic poverty and social poverty, psychological poverty plays a greater intermediary role in the process of disability affecting the happiness of the elderly.