玉米不同日龄花丝活性研究

Study on Filament Vigor of Maize at Different Day Ages

近年来,受高温天气影响,部分玉米品种出现不结实现象严重。本试验主要研究玉米新品种‘浚单518’、‘永优618’在当前气候条件下的花丝活力。通过对不同日龄花丝人工授粉,收获后统计2个品种的穗长、穗粗、秃尖、百粒重、穗粒数和穗粒重。随着花丝日龄的增大,两品种穗粒数和穗粒重先上升,在吐丝后2~4天达到最大值后下降;穗粗和百粒重呈下降趋势;两品种均在2天内完成花丝全部抽出苞叶。在对各性状的相关系数分析后发现穗粒数与穗粒重相关性最大。‘浚单518’、‘永优618’抽丝快,花丝活力持续时间长,在高温气候下产量高,是耐高温型玉米新品种。

In recent years, due to the influence of high temperature, some maize varieties showed a serious phenomenon of barrenness. In this experiment, we took two new varieties ＇Xundan 518＇ and ＇Yongyou 618＇ as the materials, and studied the filament vigor under current climate condition. We took statistics on ear length, ear diameter, barren tip, 100 grain weight, spike grain number and spike grain weight after the harvest by artificial pollination of filament at different day ages. With the increasing of the filament day age, spike grain number and spike grain weight increased firstly, reached the peak after spinning 2-4 days, and then decreased. The ear diameter and 100 grain weight showed a downward trend; all the filaments put out within two days. After the correlation coefficient analysis among all the traits, we found that the spike grain number had the maximum correlation with the spike grain weight. Taken together, ＇Xundan 518＇ and ＇Yongyou 618＇ spun fast, kept long filaments vigor time, and had high yield in high temperature, so they were new varieties with high temperature resistance.