播种深度对谷子出苗率及干物质积累的影响

Effects of Sowing Depth on Seedling Emergence Rate and Dry Matter Accumulation of Millet

为了明确谷子的适宜播种深度,观察不同谷子品种对不同播种深度的耐深播差异。笔者调查了2、5、8 cm 3种播种深度,对‘晋谷21号’、‘长谷1501’和‘长生07号’3个品种出苗率和干物质积累的影响。结果表明,随播种深度增加各品种的出苗率均呈下降趋势;在8 cm播深时,‘长谷1501’比较其他2个品种出苗率高。3个谷子品种,干物质积累速率均呈"慢—快—慢"的模式,其高峰期均在灌浆期。3个谷子品种在8 cm播深时干物质量都要比在2 cm和5 cm时的要低,但在此播深时‘长谷1501’比较其他2个品种干物质积累量较好,且8 cm播深时‘长谷1501’经济系数更有优势。综上,谷子最适宜种植深度在2~5 cm之间,‘长谷1501’较其他2个品种更耐深播;播种深度对出苗率及干物质积累均有较大影响。

This study aims at determining the optimum sowing depth of millet and observing the deep-sowing tolerant difference among different millet varieties under different sowing depth. The authors investigated three sowing depth （2 cm, 5 cm, 8 cm） in this matter accumulation in ＇Jingu 21＇, ＇ study, and studied their effects on the seedling emergence rate and dry Changgu 1501＇ and ＇Changsheng 07 ＇. The result showed that the seedling emergence rate decreased with the increase of sowing depth. The emergence rate of ＇Changgu 1501＇ was higher than that of the other two varieties at 8 cm sowing depth. The rate of dry matter accumulation of the three varieties all showed a ＂slow-fast-slow＂ model; the peak was at the grain filling stage. Dry matter accumulation of all varieties at 8 cm sowing depth was lower than that of the other two sowing depth. At this sowing depth, dry matter accumulation of ＇Changgu 1501＇ was higher than that of the other two varieties, and the economic coefficient of ＇ Changgu 1501＇ was better. Taken together, the optimum sowing depth is 2-5 cm, ＇Changgu 1501＇ has better deep-sowing tolerance, and the sowing depth has significant effects on seedling emergence rate and dry matter accumulation of millet.