生物柴油的超声波辅助固体碱催化制备研究

BIODIESEL PREPARATION THROUGH SOLID BASE CATALYST UNDER ULTRASONIC ASSISTANCE

以精制的山桐子油为原料,固体碱CaO-ZrO为催化剂,在超声波辅助下制备生物柴油。通过单因素实验探讨催化剂用量、醇油物质的量之比、反应温度、超声功率、超声频率、反应时间等因素对生物柴油得率的影响。在此基础上,选取超声功率、催化剂用量、醇油物质的量之比、反应时间4个因素通过正交试验确定最佳工艺条件,即超声功率500 W,催化剂用量3%,醇油物质的量之比10∶1,反应时间60 min。在最佳工艺条件下,生物柴油得率为98.2%,该催化剂具有较好的重复利用性能。

Using refined Idesia polycarpa Maxim, oil as raw material, solid base Ca（NO3）2/ZrO2 as catalyst, the biodiesel oil was prepared under ultrasonic assistance. The effects of factors such as catalyst dosage, mol ratio of methanol to oil, reaction temperature, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency and reaction time on the yield of biodiesel were studied by single factor experiment. On this basis, ultrasonic power, catalyst dosage, mol ratio of methanol to oil and reaction time were chosen for orthogonal test to confirm the best process conditions. The results indicate that the optimum process conditions are as follows： 500 W ultrasonic power, 3% catalyst dosage, 10：1 mol ratio of methanol to oil and 60 min reaction time. In the best process condition, the biodiesel yield is 98.2%, the catalyst exhibits better reusability.