太阳能光伏光热系统集热器连接方式的优化

OPTIMIZATION OF CONNECTION MODE OF COLLECTOR FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC-THERMAL SYSTEM

集热器连接方式对强制循环式光伏光热(PVT)热水系统的运行性能存在较大影响,针对最佳连接方式的相关研究未见报道。综合考虑环境温度、太阳辐射量和热水负荷等因素,以12块平板型PVT集热器(2 m×1 m)为研究对象,利用Fortran语言建立不同连接方式PVT热水系统动态传热模型,并分别以发电量、实际集热量以及实际综合发电量为优化目标进行计算。结果表明:在两种不同工况下,获得最大发电量的连接方式都为N=1,而获得最大实际集热量的连接方式并不一致;综合全年性能分析,以发电量、实际集热量和实际综合发电量为优化目标时对应的最佳连接方式和最佳倾角组合形式分别为:N=1和β=20°,N=4和β=28°,N=3和β=26°。研究结果对大型太阳能集热器安装方式的选取具有参考价值。

The connection mode of collectors significantly influences the efficiency of the forced circulation of photovoltaic-thermal （PVT） hot water system, the relevant study of the optimum connection mode has not been reported. Comprehensively considering the ambient temperature, solar radiation and heating load etc., a dynamic heat transfer model of different connection mode of PVT hot water system was developed with FORTRAN based on 12 pieces of flat PVT collector （2 m× 1 m）, the calculation was conducted for optimization index of power output, actual heat gain and actual synthetically electrical energy, respectively. The results indicate that in two different conditions, the connection mode of maximum power output is N=1, and the connection mode of maximum actual heat gain is different. Based on the analyses of annual performance of system, combinations of the optimal connection mode and optimal tilt angle for the optimization index of power output, actual heat gain and actual synthetically electrical energy are N=1 and β=20°, N=4 and β=28°, N=3 and β=26°, respectively. The study results can provide good reference for the selection of installation mode of large solar collector system.