不同肥料配施对甜瓜产量及品质的影响

Effect of Different Fertilizer Ratios on Yield and Quality of Melon

为明确甜瓜科学施肥技术、实现甜瓜高产优质施肥,采用田间试验方法研究了不同肥料配比对甜瓜产量、SPAD值、维生素C(Vc)、糖分、养分积累量的影响。结果表明:控释尿素配施硫酸钾产量最高,达到102.69 t/hm^2;心糖和边糖含量分别为16.97%和9.90%,较对照分别提高35.54%和33.78%,Vc含量为60.86 mg/kg,较对照提高31.44%;氮、磷、钾积累量较对照分别提高26.86%、35.54%、27.76%。硫酸钾复混肥(15-15-15)600 kg/hm^2和控释尿素(44%)300 kg/hm^2作基肥,膨瓜期追施K2SO4300 kg/hm^2,促进了对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收利用,提高了产量和品质,可作为甜瓜高产优质的施肥方案。

To determine the scientific fertilization technology of melon, achieve high yield and good quality, afield experiment was conducted to study the influence of different fertilizer proportions on yield, SPAD, vitaminC（Vc）, sugar and nutrient accumulation of melon. The results showed that the yield under the application ofcontrolled release urea with potassium sulfate was the highest, which reached 102.69 t/hm^2. Compared with thecontrol group, the content of heart sugar and side sugar was 16.97% and 9.90%, respectively, increased by 35.54% and 33.78%; the content of Vc was 60.86 mg/kg, increased by 31.44%; the accumulation amounts ofnitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased by 26.86%, 35.54% and 27.76%, respectively. The treatment ofpotassium sulfate compound fertilizer（15-15-15） 600 kg/hm^2 and controlled release urea（44%） 300 kg/hm^2 used as basic fertilizer, and 300 kg/hm^2 potassium sulfate as topdressing at fruit expansion period couldpromote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and improve the yield and quality.