慢性疲劳综合征患者认知功能障碍与事件相关电位

Cognitive dysfunction and event-related potentials in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

认知功能障碍作为慢性疲劳综合征（CFS）、纤维肌肉痛（FM）患者普遍存在的临床症状，其发生的神经机制尚不明确。事件相关电位（ERP）可实时客观反映大脑信息加工过程中脑电变化，为了解CFS、FM患者的认知功能障碍神经机制以及认知功能障碍评估提供了可能。检索近年国内外有关CFS、FM患者认知功能障碍的ERP研究文献，发现CFS患者在执行Oddball范式时主要表现出N200、P300潜伏期延长，P300波幅降低等异常；FM患者在执行Oddball范式时主要表现为P300波幅降低，以及执行情绪词汇决策和图片决策任务时P100／N100、P200、P300、LPC波幅异常。以上提示CFS患者认知功能障碍主要因大脑主动识别、信息分类速度减慢引起，而FM患者认知功能障碍则主要由注意控制系统障碍引起。同时对目前CFS患者ERPs研究的局限性进行讨论，并展望CFS认知功能障碍的ERPs未来研究方向。

Cognitive dysfunction, as a common symptom among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome（CFS） and patients with fibromyalgia（FM） , impacts on life quality, occupation and study of these patients. However, the neural correlates to the cognitive impairment are unknown. Event related potentials, which reflect the information processing objectively and constantly, provide possibility for taking a insight into and estimating the dysfunction. By summarizing and analyzing studies in event related potentials about chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, we found that CFS patients were characterized with prolonged latency of N200 and P300 accompanied by decreased P300 amplitude when they performed on Oddball paradigm ,fibro- myalgia patients were characterized with lower P300 amplitude when they concentrated on Oddball task, meanwhile, fibromyalgia patients also showed decreased P 100/N 100, P200, P300, LPC in emotional word decision task and somatic pictures decision task. It＇s suggests that the cognitive dysfunction in CFS is mainly caused by slowed speed of information identification and classification, whereas in FM it＇s dysregulation in attention control system results in the cognitive dysfunction. Limitations in current studies and prospects on researches about cognitive dysfunction in CFS for future were also discussed.