摘要
《氾胜之书》"区田法"中有"积穰于沟间"语,石声汉对"穰"字存疑,推测其可能作肥料用;万国鼎和缪启愉认为"穰"与区田生产相矛盾,系"壤"字之误。区田法并非大田农业生产的常规方法,而是干旱地区遇到旱灾时的特殊生产设计,或隙地利用技术,对灌溉、供水、施肥、保墒要求较高。"穰"的保水性良好,灌溉条件下可充当水肥担体,不但能契合上述区田技术要求,还可实现节约灌溉、精确供给水肥、持续保泽。同书垫"豆萁"区种芋就是基于这样的设计。现代"穴贮肥水"、"浸水秸秆增墒"等农业新技术与"区田积穰"原理相近或相通。要之,"穰"字无误,其主要功能不是改良土壤,而是保水保肥、保墒增墒。
Fanshengzhishu recorded amassing stalk in the pitting fields. Wan Guoding and Miu Qiyu thought the stalk should be soil, yet Shi Shenghan conjectured the stalk could act as fertilizer. Pitting fields＇ method was a special farming skill against drought in the arid area, thus the main purpose was to water accu- rately and continue keeping soil moisture. Stalk could serve as carrier of water and fertilizer, which agreed on the purpose. In fact, when planting taro, the book had amassed beanstalk in pitting fields. Modem agricultural technique such as storing water and fertilizer in hollow or increasing soil moisture by burying soaked stalk was interlinked with the usage of 2000 years ago. In brief, stalk in the book is correct.
出处
《中国农史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第5期57-66,共10页
Agricultural History of China
基金
2015年教育部规划项目"中国古代农作物秸秆非燃料化利用研究"(15YJAZH088)
关键词
汉代
《氾胜之书》
区田法
保墒
秸秆
农业史
Han dynasty
Fanshengzhishu
pitting fields＇ method
keeping soil moisture
stalk
history of agriculture
