吉林省东部山区县域生态足迹特征分析——以敦化市为例

The Characters Analysis of the Ecological Footprint in the Eastern Mountainous Area County of Jilin Province——in Case of Dunhua City

运用生态足迹理论计算敦化市2009-2012年的人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力,并分析其动态变化。利用现有数据分析得到敦化市2020年人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力的预测值。通过对比计算结果,研究敦化市土地利用结构,厘定土地利用结构优化方向。结果表明,人均生态足迹在2009-2012年一直保持增长的趋势,从2.549 1 hm^2/人增长到2.830 6 hm^2/人,在2009-2011年期间,人均生态承载力从3.528 6 hm^2/人减少到3.508 1 hm^2/人,到2012年有所增加,达到3.515 4 hm^2/人,生态盈余从0.979 5 hm^2/人减少到0.684 8 hm^2/人,敦化市的发展属于可持续发展的状态。发展预测数据显示,敦化市2020年人均生态足迹为2.763 1 hm^2/人,2020年人均生态承载力为3.263 6 hm^2/人,生态盈余为0.500 5 hm^2/人。敦化市可以通过一系列改进措施实现土地利用结构优化,如提高土地利用效率,加强土地生态环境保护、减少污染,实现土地信息科学合理管理等。

The ecological footprint per capi ta and ecological carrying capacity per capita in Dunhua city during 2009 and2012 were calculated by using the ecological footprint theory,and the dynamic changes of ecological footprint per capita and ecological carrying capacity per capita was analyzed. Analyzing the existing data could get the forecast value of the per capita ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Dunhua in 2020. Through comparative analysis and calculation results,the land use structure of Dunhua and determine the optimization direction of land use structure were studied. The results showed that the ecological footprint per capita in 2009-2012 always maintain growth trend,increased to 2.830 6 hm^2 from^2.549 1 hm^2. During the period from 2009 to 2011,the per capita ecological carrying capacity reduced to 3.508 1 hm^2 from3.528 6 hm^2. The ecological carrying capacity per capita reached 3.515 4 hm^2 in 2012. Ecological surplus reduced to 0.684 8 hm^2 from 0.979 5 hm^2. The development of Dunhua city belonged to the state of sustainable development. Development forecast data showed that the per capita ecological footprint of Dunhua was 2.763 1 hm^2,and the ecological carrying capacity was 3.263 6 hm^2,and the ecological surplus was 0.500 5 hm^2 in 2020. Dunhua city could be improved through a series of measures to realize the optimization of land use structure,such as improving land use efficiency,strengthen land protection of the ecological environment, reduce pollution,to achieve scientific and rational management of land information.