基于高空间分辨率卫星遥感影像的砂质海岸空间整治效果分析——以营口月亮湾为例

Analysis of sandy coast regulation effects based on high resolution satellite remote sensing images:a case in Yueliangwan of Yingkou

采用2005年采集的SPORT5卫星遥感影像和2015年采集的GF-1卫星遥感影像,分别对2006-2014年之间营口月亮湾海岸空间整治项目实施前后的海岸景观格局进行监测,在此基础上构建了沙滩面积系数、适宜游乐水域指数、主体功能度指数、景观多样性系数、景观变化指数等评估指标,评估了营口月亮湾海岸空间整治效果。结果表明:营口月亮湾沙滩养护工程实施后沙滩面积大幅增加,沙滩面积系数为2.44,适宜游泳嬉水娱乐区面积略有增加,适宜游乐区指数为1.10。海岸空间整理工程实施使月亮湾海岸游乐功能分区明显,月亮湖公园、高尔夫休闲区、山海广场区、农业生态旅游度假区和滨海嬉水观光区主体功能度指数分别达到0.89、0.76、0.68、0.65和0.77。海岸景观美化工程整体改变了海岸景观格局,使各功能分区海岸景观多样性提高,海岸景观格局更为优化,总体景观多样性系数达到1.13,景观变化指数达到0.30。

Aimed to evaluate the effects of sandy coast regulation, satellite remote sensing images of GF-1 and Spot 5 were employed to monitor landscape pattern of Yueliangwan before and after coastal regulation. Some evaluation indices such as beach index, bathing region index, dominant index, landscape biodiversity index and landscape change index were established to evaluate effects of sandy coast regulation. The results showed that the beach area increased after protectingshoal project and the beach index was 2.44. The bathing and recreation water area shows small increase with suitable bathing region index 1.10. The functional region was divided into Yueliang Lake park, gulf recreation sub-region, Shanhai square sub-region, agricultural eco tourism resort and coastal leisure sub-region, and their dominant index added obviously after coastal spatial arrangement. The landscape pattern changed and landscape biodiversity enhanced after coastal landscaped,companying with the landscape index of 1.13 and landscape change index of 0.30.