马克思恩格斯意识形态理论的再思考——基于《德意志意识形态》的审视

Rethinking of Marx and Engels' Ideology Theory——A Survey Based on The German Ideology

围绕马克思恩格斯的意识形态理论,当代学者有过多种阐释,其中能否理解为"虚假意识",引起了争论。从《德意志意识形态》的相关论述来看,"意识形态"是指以青年黑格尔派为代表的诸种意识形式,是对现实本身的颠倒。马克思恩格斯使用"意识形态"这一术语,旨趣在于对现实生活的关注。现实生活是意识形态的基础,意识形态对现实生活具有能动的反作用,二者相辅相成,共同促进社会的和谐发展。

Different contemporary scholars have proposed different interpretations of Marx and Engels＂ ideology theory and there arise disputes as for whether it can be understood as mendacious consciousness. As can be seen from the relevant elabora- tion in The German Ideology, ＂ ideology＂ refers to different forms of consciousness represented by the young Hegelian School, which is a reversal of reality. Using the term of ideology, Marx and Engels use the term ＂ideology＂ to show his concern about real life. Real life and ideology are complementary to each other and contribute together to social development in that the former is the basis of the latter and the latter is in turn counteractive to the former.