小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤有机碳及各组分特征

Charicateristic of Soil Oranic Carbon and Its Components in Different Successional Series of Broadleaved Korean Pine Forest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains

【目的】了解中国小兴安岭阔叶红松不同演替系列土壤有机碳库和各组分的积累及分配特征,准确评价森林生态系统碳储量,为科学评价小兴安岭阔叶红松林土壤固碳功能和固碳潜力提供理论依据。【方法】以阔叶红松林不同演替系列(中生系列、旱生系列、湿生系列)的典型群落为研究对象,采用空间代替时间的方法,研究阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤总有机碳、易氧化有机碳、惰性有机碳、矿化碳、可溶性有机碳含量,探讨有机碳各组分对总有机碳的贡献率,分析调控土壤有机碳及各组分的影响因子。【结果】小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤总有机碳含量表现为湿生>旱生>中生;阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤总有机碳表现为随土壤剖面的加深而减少的趋势,即40~60 cm土层>20~40 cm土层>10~20 cm土层>0~10 cm土层;中生、湿生和旱生演替系列土壤惰性碳占总有机碳比例分别为34.42%,13.27%和12.17%,可中生、湿生和旱生演替系列溶性有机碳占总有机碳比例分别为0.09%,0.07%和0.08%,旱生、中生和湿生演替系列易氧化有机碳占总有机碳比例分别为33.59%,65.18%和54.53%,湿生、中生和旱生演替系列矿化碳占总有机碳比例分别为0.58%,0.53%和0.37%;总有机碳含量与矿化碳含量、易氧化有机碳含量和惰性碳含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),惰性碳含量与矿化碳含量和可溶性有机碳含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),与易氧化有机碳含量显著负相关(P<0.05);不同演替系列土壤有机碳含量及各组分含量影响因子各不相同,总有机碳含量与土壤全氮含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),惰性碳含量与土壤全氮含量显著正相关(P<0.01),与沙粒比极显著负相关(P<0.01),矿化碳含量与土壤酸碱度极显著负相关,与凋落物现存量和土壤含水率极显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤碳库及各组分动态特征存在显著差异。群落演替时间及土壤理化性质是导致有机碳及各组分特征不同的主要原因。

[ Objective ] Understanding the distribution characteristics and accumulation of soil organic carbon and components from different successional series of broadleaved Korean pine forests in Xiaoxing＇ an mountains of China, would facilitate accurate evaluation of the forest ecosystem carbon reserves and function of soil carbon and carbon sequestration potential. [ Method ] The temporal-spatial substitution method was used to study the total soil organic carbon, readily-oxidized organic carbon （ROC）, resistant carbon （RC）, mineralization carbon （MC） and dissolved organic carbon （DOC） contents of the mixture of broadleaved trees and Korean pine with three different succession series （xerosere, mesosere, hydrosere） and the contribution rate of each composition for TOC. Then the key factors for controlling soil organic carbon and its components were analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis. [ Result ] The total carbon content of different successional series of broad-leaved trees and Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing an mountains was characterized by hytroseres series 〉 mesoseres series 〉 xeroseres series. The total soil organic carbon tended to decrease with the depth of soil profile, that is 40 -60 cm soil layer 〉40 -20 cm soil layer 〉 10 -20 cm soil layer 〉0 -10 cm soil layer. The RC of the three succession series contributed to the TOC were 34.42% , 13.27% , 12.17% , the contribution of DOC to the TOC were 0.09% , 0.07% and 0.08% , the ROC contributed to the TOC were 33.59% 65.18% , 54. 53% , and the MC contribution to the YOC were respectively 0. 58% , O. 53% , 0. 37%. The TOC was positively correlated with the MC, ROC and RC （P 〈 O. 01） , RC was significantly related to MC, DOC, and negatively correlated with the content of ROC （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The TOC content was affected by total soil nitrogen （P 〈 0.01 ） and soil water content （P 〈0.01 ）, and the RC showed significant positive correlation with total nitrogen （P 〈 0.01 ）and significant negative correlation with the ratio of sand, and the content of MC was negatively correlated with soil pH （P 〈 0.01 ） and positively correlated with soil water content and litterfall （P 〈 0.01 ）. The relationship between the content of ROC and the content of DOC was not significantly related to the soil factors. [ Conclusion] There were significant difference of soil organic carbon and its components from different successional series of broadleaved trees with Korean pine forest. Community successional time and physical and chemical properties of soil led to difference of soil organic carbon and its components.