网络约束点格局分析研究综述

A review of network-constrained point pattern analysis

随着信息通信技术高速发展,地理相关大数据使得传统的空间分析面临着机遇与挑战。平面空间分析方法在分析网络空间点要素空间过程、揭示其空间分布时的弊端日益凸显,由此对探索网络约束点要素特定的分析方法的关注度不断提高。本文定义了网络约束的思想,详细阐述了网络约束点格局分析方法体系,并分别从网络约束点格局的理论和应用出发,梳理了网络约束点格局分析的一阶方法、二阶方法及其他方法上的研究进展,总结了网络约束点格局分析在交通安全领域、犯罪学领域和其他城市点要素中的典型应用,最后在方法与应用层面,讨论近年重要的研究动向及未来的发展趋势。

With the rapid development of information and communication technology, the explosive amount of spatial big data creates both opportunities and challenges in the field of spatial analysis. Shortcomings of the traditional analytic paradigm for spatial process and spatial pattern analyses of network-constrained spatial point event have been revealed. Therefore, many studies have attempted to develop novel approaches for networkconstrained point event analysis. In this article, we first conceptually defined network-constrained phenomenon and presented in detail the methodological framework of network-constrained point pattern analysis. Then we generalized the development status of methods of network-constrained point pattern analysis, including firstorder effect method, second-order effect method, among others, and summarized the present situation of typical applications in the research of traffic safety, criminology, and other point events in urban context. In the end,current trends and future directions are discussed with regard to research methods and applications.