重点城市工业综合效率与产业转型升级:2011~2015年

Industrial Comprehensive Efficiency and Industrial Transformation and Upgrading of Key Cities in 2011~2015

利用DEA-SBM模型,综合考虑资本、劳动力以及能源消耗,对2011~2015年中国36个重点城市进行工业-环境-能源综合效率评估,结果显示,"十二五"时期节能减排政策促进了各重点城市工业效率的提升;东部城市工业效率优于其他城市,西部地区工业效率有提升但仍落后于其他城市,中部、东北地区城市提升很大,接近或超过了其他城市平均水平;节能减排政策对工业基础较好的城市提升效果不明显,很多大型工业城市工业效率提升与其他城市相比进步较小;节能减排政策促进工业效率较高的产业从东部发达城市转移到中西部中等城市。在未来的发展规划中,节能减排政策不仅应当提升工业落后地区生产效率,更应当突破工业发达地区发展瓶颈,实现整个国家的产业转型升级。

Using the DEA-SBM model and comprehensively considering the capital, labor and energy consumption,this paper has evaluated comprehensive efficiency among industry, environment and energy from 2011 to 2015 in 36 key cities in China. The results show that the policies of energy-saving and emission-reducing during the ＂12 th Five-Year＂ period have promoted the industrial efficiency of key cities. The industrial efficiency of the eastern city is better than that of other cities; the industrial efficiency of the western region has improved but still lags behind other cities; the central and northeastern cities have greatly increased, which is close to or over the average level of other cities. Policies of energy-saving and emission-reducing hasn＇t played an obvious effect on cities with good industrial base. Comparing with other cities, industrial efficiency in many large industrial cities has made a smaller progress. Policies of energy-saving and emission-reducing has made high-efficiency industries transferred from the eastern cities to the middle west cities. In the future development planning, policies of energy-saving and emissionreducing could not only improve the production efficiency of industrially backward areas but also break through the bottleneck of industrially developed areas, and realize the industrial transformation and upgrading in the whole country.