地方政府行为、要素价格相对扭曲与中国FDI区域分布

Local Government Behavior, Factor Price Distortions and China FDI Regional Distribution

本文从中国分权式改革和要素市场改革滞后的事实特征出发,从理论上阐述了地方政府对要素市场的干预造成了要素价格相对于完全竞争市场时的负向扭曲,这种扭曲在招商引资竞赛中得到进一步强化,造成FDI在中国的区位分布不均匀。本文利用2004~2013年省际面板数据,测算了整体要素价格扭曲程度,并进一步检验了该假设,结果表明FDI倾向于流入要素价格负向扭曲程度严重的地区。因此,未来中国应注重理顺要素市场价格,进一步厘清市场和政府的边界,发挥市场机制在要素领域内的调节作用,让市场经济在资源配置中起基础性作用。

This article, starting from the characteristics facts of China＇s Decentralization Reform and market reform lags behind, theoretically elaborates the local government＇s intervention to the factor market resulting in the distorted factor prices. This distortion has been further strengthened in the investment competition and also caused regional uneven distribution of FDI in China. By using the provincial panel data during 2002~2011, it estimates the overall factor price distortions, and further tests the hypothesis. The results shows that FDI tends to flow to the regions with negative factor price distortions. Therefore, in the future China should straighten out the elements of the market price, and further clarify the boundaries of the market and the government, to play a regulatory role of the market mechanism in the elements field, so that the market economy could play a fundamental role in resource allocation.