不同性别ADHD儿童的临床特征分析

Analysis on Clinical Features of ADHD in Children with Different Sex

目的:探讨不同性别注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿的临床特征。方法:对符合DSM-IV诊断标准的217例ADHD患儿,进行性别分组,采用Conners父母问卷、韦氏智力量表(WISC-R)对两组进行测定。结果:(1)Conners父母问卷显示:男性患儿多动冲动和焦虑问题较多,女性患儿心身障碍比较多;(2)多动-冲动核心症状频率中,男孩的小动作多、喧哗、活动过度明显多于女孩;(3)WISC-R中ADHD女孩组语言智商、操作智商、总智商虽在正常范围内,但均低于ADHD男孩组,其算术、拼图、积木量表分明显落后于男孩组。结论:ADHD男孩的焦虑情绪及多动、冲动等外向性行为较多,而女孩有较严重的心身障碍。

Objective：To investigate the clinical features of AI）HD in children with different sex. Methods： A total of 217 ADHD children,who met the DSM-1V diagnostic criteria, were divided into two groups by genders. Symptoms of all children were evaluated by the Conners Parental Questionnaire and Wechsler Intelligence Scale （WISC-R）. Results： （1） The results of Conners Parental Questionnaire： The male children were with more symptoms of hyperactivity and anxiety, but the female children were with more symptoms of psychosomatic disorders;（2）for the frequency of hyper activity-impulsive core symptoms, the male children were with more little actions, easy to make noise and hyperactivity compared with female children; （3）for the results of WISC R, the verbal, performance and full scale IQ were within normal ranges for female children, hut all were lower than those for male ADHD children; arithmetic, puzzle and build ing block values of female children were lower than those of male ADHD children. Conclusion： ADHD male children are easy to have anxiety, hyperactivity, impulse and other extraversion behaviors,while ADHD female children are easy to have severe mental impairment and psychosomatic disorders.