不同采收方式对上部烟叶烘烤中生理变化的影响

Effects of Different Harvesting Methods on Physiological Changes of Upper Leaves during Tobacco Curing

针对上部烟叶难烘烤、易挂灰等问题,探讨不同采收方式烟叶在烘烤过程中生理变化,为提高烘烤质量提供参考。以烤烟品种红花大金元上部叶为试验材料,测量不同采收方式烟叶烘烤过程中的呼吸强度、组织水和色素含量的变化,并对烤后烟经济性状进行分析。结果表明烘烤过程中带茎采收相比逐片采收失水困难,两片叶带茎较四片叶带茎易失水;呼吸强度表现为四片叶带茎高于两片叶带茎,逐片采收烟叶的呼吸强度最低;色素降解速率为逐片采收烟叶慢于两片叶带茎,四片叶带茎降解速率最快;带茎采收烟叶烤后烟上中等比例较高。表明带茎采收能加快烘烤过程中烟叶变化,使叶片变黄和失水趋于协调,有助于提升烟叶品质。

For the upper leaves difficult to bake, easy to hang ash and other issues. To investigate the physiological changes during curing process of tobacco leaves by different harvesting methods. It provided reference for improving baking quality.The upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco cuhivar Hongda were used as experimental materials. The changes of respiration intensity, tissue water and pig- ment content in flue cured tobacco leaves under different harvesting methods were measured. And analyzed the economic characteris- tics of flue cured tobacco. The result showed harvesting with stem slower than slice harvesting in terms of water loss.Respiration rate showed four leaves and stems higher than two leaves and stems, and the respiration intensity of harvesting tobacco leaves was lowest. Pigment degradation rate showed the same trend. Harvesting with stemaceounts for a high proportion. Harvesting with stem could ac- celerate the change of tobacco leaf during curing. It could make yellowing of leaves and coordination of water loss. And it was benefi- cial forthe quality of tobacco leaves.