评聂树斌案再审判决回避王书金 兼论《刑事诉讼法》第242条之修改

Comment on the Judgment of the Nie Shubin Case Parrying Wang Shujin and Proposition on the Amendment of Article 242 of the Criminal Procedure Law

王书金自认真凶,启动并推动了复查程序,亦应对再审改判发生重要影响。但聂树斌案再审判决则以"王某一案不属于本案审理范围"为由,避开了对王书金自认真凶这一证据事实的评价。这一做法虽符合审理对象特定性的要求,且可避免与王书金案裁判的明显冲突,但妨碍了改判理由充分性及裁判方式正当性,亦不能避免与王书金案裁判的"实质冲突"。为保证对案件的充分审理,根据证据相关性和审判法庭独立性原则,因本案事实认定需要,可以对证明非本案嫌疑人、被告人的人可能系本案作案人的证据进行法庭调查和证据评价。张辉、张高平案再审判决可做范例。现行《刑事诉讼法》第242条第1项对新证据的规定,证明标准过高,不利于保障人权、纠正冤错。应借鉴相关法例予以修改。

Wang Shujin confessed that he was the true murderer, which initiated the judicial review procedure, and had great influence on the commutation of the original sentence. However, based on the reason that ＂Wang is not the obiect of trial in this case＂, the retrial iudgment of the Nie Shubin case par- ried the fact that Wang Shujin confessed to be the true murderer. Although this complies to the require- ment that the object of trial should be identical to object of prosecution, and can avoid conflict with the judgment of the Wang Shujin case, it harms the sufficiency of reasoning in the judgment and actually can＇ t avoid the ＂substantial conflict＂ with the judgment of Wang^s case. To realize thorough hearing and ac- cording to the principles of relevancy and independent trial, and to correctly determine facts in this case, the court can investigate and evaluate evidence that can prove a non--defendant to he the true criminal. The retrial iudgment of Zhang Hui and Zhang Gaoping＇ s case can be one of the present Criminal Procedure Law sets too high dence, which is not good for protection of human rights thus it should be amended. a standard and hinders a good example. Article 242, section of proof for presentation of new evi- the redress of wrongful convictions,