1819年经济危机与美国政治文化的变动

The Panic of 1819 and the Transformation of Political Culture in America

1819年,美国出现严重经济衰退。这场经济危机在全国范围内引发了各种争论与抗议活动。在市场不断扩展的19世纪初,商业化与工业化加速了对美国传统生活的冲击,人们对于国家政治经济的理解趋向于多样化与复杂化。相当多的人开始进入市场,渴望获得平等机会,这个过程推动了精英与民众关系的变化。从这个角度来看,美国资本主义的初步发展进程推动了政治生活的民主化。而19世纪中后期政治民主化的进程,反过来也在推动资本主义发展模式的改变。

In 1819,the deep depression of economy happened in America. The panic of 1819 resulted in nationwide debates and protests. In the early 19 th century,with the expansion of market,the commercialization and industrialization accelerated the impact on the traditional life in America. The ideas about political economy became richer. A goodly number of people participated into the market and longed for equal opportunity. This process promoted the change of relationship between the elites and common people. In this perspective,the early development of capitalism in America gave impetus to the democratization in political arena. The development of democratization in political arena in the middle and late 19 th century also promoted the change of capitalist development model.