不同贮藏醇化条件对微带青初烤烟叶品质的影响

Effects of Different Storage and Aging Conditions on Quality of Greenish Flue-cured Tobacco

为探索恩施中、高海拔区域微带青初烤烟叶的最佳贮藏醇化条件,改善烟叶质量,开展了标准醇化室醇化与烟农传统堆积醇化(CK)两种不同贮藏醇化条件对烟堆温湿度、烟叶外观质量、烟叶常规化学成分及烟叶经济增值率的影响试验。结果表明,标准醇化室醇化与烟农传统堆积醇化两者均能提高烟叶的外观质量与内在质量,但前者醇化效果优于后者。外观质量改善主要体现在醇化后烟叶成熟度增加,色度增强,疏松度得到改善;内在质量体现在烟碱、总氮含量降低。试验时间段范围内初烤烟叶以下杆自然回潮后在标准醇化室醇化30 d效果最佳,中、高海拔综合表现为C3V转化为柠檬黄(C3L)和橘黄色(C3F)的转化率为55.45%、增值率为30.50%,B2V转化为橘黄色(B2F)的转化率为43.73%、增值率为37.72%。醇化过程中,标准醇化室醇化烟堆内温湿度均略高于对照(CK),更有利于烟叶的醇化。

To explore the optimal storage and aging conditions for greenish flue-cured tobacco leaves and improve tobacco quality in middle and high altitude of Enshi, two kinds of storage and aging conditions were setted between the standard aging chamber alcoholization and traditional accumulative alcoholization, to study the effects on temperature and humidity parameters inside stacked-tobacco, the external quality and chemical composition, and economic increment rate of tobacco. The results showed that both of them could improve the internal or external quality of tobacco, but the former was better than the latter. The maturity, looseness and chroma of tobacco were improved, and the contents of nicotine, and total nitrogen were reduced. The aging time of 30 days worked best after curing, and the conversion rate and increment rate of C3 V into C3 L and C3 F got 55.45%, 30.50% separately in middle and higher altitude on average, while the rates of B2 V into B2 F got43.73%, 37.72% respectively. Temperature and humidity parameters inside stacked-tobacco of standard aging chamber were slightly higher than that of CK and more conducive to alcoholization in the process of alcoholization.