黑龙江林蛙胃肠道三种消化酶的活力研究

Activity of Three Digestive Enzymes in Gastrointestinal Tract of Rana amurensis

为了评价黑龙江林蛙(Rana amurensis)胃肠道消化酶的活力,为其科学人工养殖提供参考,分别采用福林-酚试剂法、聚乙烯醇橄榄油乳化液水解法和3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法对黑龙江林蛙的胃和肠道蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶的活力进行了分析。结果表明,pH和温度与3种消化酶的关系曲线均呈单峰型;蛋白酶的活力胃部高于肠道,胃蛋白酶和肠蛋白酶的最适pH分别为1.5和7.2,最适温度均为50℃;脂肪酶的活力肠道高于胃部,胃脂肪酶和肠脂肪酶的最适pH分别为3.2和6.2,最适温度均为40℃;淀粉酶的活力肠道高于胃部,胃淀粉酶和肠淀粉酶的最适pH均为7.2,最适温度均为40℃。基于上述数据,建议配制黑龙江林蛙饲料时,将蛋白质成分分布在饲料颗粒外围,脂类和淀粉成分在饲料颗粒中心,有助于提高饲料的消化率。环境温度较高时,饲料中可适当提高蛋白质成分,减少脂类和淀粉成分的配比。

In order to provide a reference for Rana amurensis scientific breeding,the activity of protease,lipase and amylase in the stomach and intestinal tract of Rana amurensis were analyzed by Folin phenol reagent method,polyvinyl alcohol olive oil emulsion hydrolysis method and 3,5-two nitro salicylic acid colorimetric method. The results showed that the relationship curves of three digestive enzymes with pH value and temperature all showed single peak pattern,respectively. The activity of protease in stomach was higher than in intestine,the optimum pH value of pepsin and proteinase was 1.5 and 7.2,respectively,and the optimum temperature was 50 ℃. The lipase activity in the intestine was higher than in the stomach,and the optimum pH values was 3.2 and 6.2,respectively,and the optimum temperature was 40 ℃. The activity of amylase in the intestine was higher than that in stomach,and the optimum pH value was 7.2,the optimum temperature was 40 ℃. Based on the above data,it suggested that the protein components would be distributed around the feed particles,and the lipid and starch components in the center of the feed particles,which could improve the digestibility of the feed. When the environmental temperature is high,the protein composition could be increased appropriately, and the ratio of lipid and starch components should be reduced.