论过失侵权中可预见性规则的司法适用

On the judicial application of foreseeability rules in the tort of negligence

为了合理解决豪车被撞涉及天价赔偿事件,引入英美侵权法中的"可预见性规则"来设定此类问题中的赔偿上限。在豪车刮蹭事件当中,即使肇事方承担全部责任,赔偿仍超出了其可预见的范围。根据可预见性规则,设置一个赔偿上限,从而避免轻微事故导致倾家荡产。而赔偿上限的设定,可以借鉴可预见性规则在合同法中的"信息与预见成正比"的规律,根据肇事车主购买保险额度的高低来设定赔偿上限所占车险比例的一个浮动的百分比,以充分发挥车险在此类事故中的作用,确保公平正义。

In order to solve the problem of sky-high compensation for the damage to luxury cars,this paper introduces the foreseeability rule in the Anglo-American Tort Law to set up the compensation limit.In the event of luxury car scratches,even if the party should bear the responsibility for the accident,the compensation is still beyond its foreseeable range.The foreseeability rule has set up a compensation limit to avoid minor accidents that will ruin the family involved.The compensation limit can borrow the foreseeability rule ＂information is proportional to the foresight＂ in the contract law,in line with the owner＇s car insurance amount as the compensation limit with a floating percentage of the auto insurance in order to give full play to the role of insurance in such accidents,and ensure fairness and justice.