江西省不同流域种植业面源污染现状分析

Non-point Source Pollution in Different River Basins of Jiangxi: Status in Planting Industry

种植业的面源污染,按流域尺度的研究可以宏观反映某一地区的面源污染现状。因此,本研究基于江西省的农业面源污染普查数据,比较了不同流域内种植业的氮磷化肥用量和面源污染情况。结果表明:江西省各流域种植业中化肥量呈现出赣江流域>抚河流域和鄱阳湖流域>信江流域>外河流域>饶河流域和修河流域,其中以赣江流域最高,其氮肥和磷肥占全省的比例分别为51.7%和51.2%。面源污染物的排放量也呈现出赣江流域较高,其COD、TP、TN、NH_3^-N分别占全省排放总量的62.3%、56.3%、53.4%和53.4%。COD、TP、TN、NH_3^-N的排放强度也分别比全省增加了47.5%、26.5%、21.8%和14.8%。因此,赣江流域是江西省种植业的面源污染防治和化肥减施行动的关键的治理流域。

In planting industry, non-point source pollution situation of one region can be shownmacroscopically through the scale research of river basin. Therefore, the census data about agricultural non-point source pollution（ANSP） in Jiangxi were used in this study, to compare nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P）fertilization rate and ANSP among different river basins. The results showed that： there was difference in N andP fertilizer application among all river basins in Jiangxi, in an order of Ganjiang riverFuhe river and PoyanglakeXinjiang riveroutside river Raohe and Xiuhe river; meanwhile, the fertilization amount in Ganjiangriver was the highest, the application ratio of N and P fertilizer accounted for 51.7% and 51.2% of the total inthe province; the emission of ANSP in Ganjiang river basin was also the highest, the ratio of COD, TP, TN andNH_3^-N emission was 62.3%, 56.3%, 53.4% and 53.4% of the total in the province, respectively, and its COD,TP, TN and NH_3^-N emission intensity increased by 47.5%, 26.5%, 21.8% and 14.8% compared with those ofthe province. So, the Ganjiang river basin was the key region in Jiangxi for ANSP control and chemicalfertilizer reduction.