二龙湖遗址出土铁器的金相学研究

Metallographic studies of the iron objects unearthed from the Erlonghu Site

为系统地揭示出二龙湖遗址铁器的金相组织,展示其钢铁技术进步,此次对遗址出土的铁器进行系统的金相学检测和研究,获得了大量的钢铁技术信息。所检测的铁器种类包括铁钁、铁带扣、铁镰、铁刀、铁凿、铁镐、铁剑和铁环钉,均为铸造成型。包括麻口铸铁、白口铸铁、灰口铸铁、铸造后脱碳处理产品韧性铸铁,亦见到有球墨形态存在。在等待考古报告先行发表期间,见有该遗址部分铁器的金相检测及研究论文发表。综合分别进行的检测研究结果,加深了对于战国时期燕国金属工具的性质、东北地区金属文化的内涵以及与中原地区文化及钢铁技术之间渊源关系的认识。

The Erlonghu site represents the most northern city of the Yan State during the Warring States period.Metallographic study on the iron objects unearthed from the Erlonghu site reveals technological information about the types of iron at the site.Various iron objects tested include a Jue（similar to the axe）,belt buckle,sickle,knife,chisel,pickaxe,sword and ring nail.They are all shaped by casting.The iron types studied include mottled cast iron,white cast iron,grey cast iron,ductile cast iron（acquired by decarburization annealing after casting）,as well as spheroidal graphite particles.This work deepens the knowledge of the properties of metal tools,connotations of metal culture,iron and steel technology,as well as the relationships between the northeast and the central plains regions during the Warring States period.