2014—2016年丹东市流感病毒核酸检测结果

Detection results of influenza virus nucleic acid in Dandong City from 2014-2016

目的分析2014—2016年丹东市流感病毒流行情况,了解病毒毒株的型别及变化特点,为科学预防和控制流感提供依据。方法采集流感样病例(ILI)的咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法检测病毒核酸。结果 2014年1月—2016年12月共采集4 113份ILI咽拭子标本,核酸阳性320份,阳性率为7.78%;包括185份甲型流感病毒(4.50%)和135份乙型流感病毒(3.28%)。其中185份甲型流感病毒进一步分类鉴定为新甲型H1N1 3份,H3 182份;乙型流感进一步分型鉴定为BV 87份,BY 48份。不同年龄组病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=642.52,P<0.01),以5~<14年龄组阳性率(10.90%)最高。结论 2014年流感病毒优势株为A甲型H3,2015年为甲型H3亚型和乙型BY亚型,2016年为甲型H3亚型。每年12月至次年2月为丹东市流感发生高峰期。为更好的防控流感,及时掌握流行趋势,仍需加强监测。

[Objective]To investigate the epidemiological tendency of influenza virus in Dandong City from 2014-2016,learn the strain types and etiologic characteristics,provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza.[Methods]Throat swabs of influenza-like illness（ILI）cases were collected,and the nucleic acid of influenza viruses was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）.[Results]4 113 throat swab specimens were collected from January 2014 to December 2016,and there were 320 positive cases for influenza viruse nucleic acid with the positive rate of 7.78%,including 185（4.50%）cases of influenza A and 135（3.28%） cases of influenza B. 185 cases of influenza A were classified into 3 cases of new H1N1 and 182 cases of H3. 135 cases of influenza B were classified into 87 cases of BV and 48 cases of BY. The difference in positive rate was statistically significant among different age groups（χ^2=642.52,P〈0.01）,and the positive rate in 5-14 year-old age group was the highest（10.90%）.[Conclusion]The dominant influenza virus strain is influenza A（H3）in 2014,influenza A（H3）and influenza BY in 2015,and influenza A（H3） in 2016. The peak season of influenza appears from December to February of next year in Dandong City. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance to further prevent and control influenza and duly know the trends of the epidemic.