某职业技术学院女大学生痛经状况及其影响因素

Epidemiological investigation of primary dysmenorrhea and its influencing factors in female students in a higher vocational college

目的了解某职业技术学院女学生的月经状况,探索有效预防和应对原发性痛经的措施与策略,及时采取措施,提高女大学生的生活质量。方法采用自编调查问卷,对某职业技术学院不同系别、不同专业302名女学生进行本项调查。结果女大学生痛经发生率为82.83%。经单因素分析和多元logistic回归模型分析发现:月经初潮年龄、月经量和体育锻炼情况为原发性痛经的影响因素(P<0.05)。痛经持续时间是痛经程度的重要影响因素。月经认知度较低,经期伴随症状多且发生率较高,自行服用止痛药的占19.44%。结论职业技术学院女生痛经普遍存在。针对女大学生的月经现状,学校应加强开展相关的健康教育,提高学生的锻炼和卫生意识,促进健康行为的形成,减少痛经发生。

Objective to understand the present menstruation condition of female students in a higher vocational college and explore the specific measures and strategies for effective prevention of primary dysmenorrhea to improve the quality of life of the students. Methods A total of 302 female students from different departments and professionals in a higher vocational college were investigated by using a self-made questionnaire. Results The prevalence rate of primary dysmenorrhea in the female college students was 82.83%. The single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression model analysis found that the age at menarche, menstrual quantity, and physical exercises were the influencing factors of primary dysmenorrhea（P 〈 0.05）. Dysmenorrhea duration was one of the important factors affecting the degree of dysmenorrhea. The students had poor awareness of menstruation and the painful menstruation was associated with a higher incidence of menstrual symptoms, and 19.44% of the female students took painkiller by themselves. Conclusion The dysmenorrhea is common among the higher vocational college girls. Therefore, according to the menstrual status of female students, the school authority should strengthen the related health education, and improve the students’ exercises and health consciousness, so as to promote the formation of health behaviors and reduce the level of dysmenorrhea.