模具钢P20热处理工艺数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Research on Heat Treatment Process of P20 Mould Steel

热处理工艺是决定塑料模具钢质量和性能的关键,本文运用DEFORM-HT有限元软件对淬火和正火进行模拟,研究生产中无法实时监测的温度场、应力场和微观组织转变的复杂过程,预测产品的硬度性能和应力情况。模拟结果表明淬火处理钢板组织为全马氏体,硬度性能均匀,但内应力过大,存在较大开裂风险;正火处理可获得马氏体+贝氏体组织,硬度性能较为均匀,内应力远小于淬火处理。

Heat treatment process is the key technique to the quality and performance of plastic mould steel. Quenching and normalizing process were analyzed with finite element software DEFORM-HT, the temperature field, stress field and complex transformation process of microstructure that can＇t be real-time monitored in the actual production process were studied to predict the hardness and stress conditions. The simulation results showed that with quenching process, microstructure became pure martensite with uniform hardness, but the inner stress was so large that it was highly possible to cause cracking. When plates were normalized, the steel showed a uniform hardness with martensite and bainite microstructure, and the inner stress was much smaller than that of quenching process.